نوبات الربو بين أسبابه وطرق علاجه

الربو هو حالة التهاب مزمن تصيب الرئة، ليجد المريض صعوبة في التنفس، بالإضافة الى نوبات من الصفير والسعال وضيق النفس، يمكن أن تكون هذه الأعراض لحالات التهابات طفيفة، أو يمكن أيضا أن تتداخل في حياة المريض اليومية.

يعمل الربو على التأثير بالنسبة للممرات الهوائية التي تحمل الهواء إلى داخل الرئة، حيث يعاني المصاب من تورم أو التهاب في المجرى الهوائي، مما يجعل الشخص المصاب، أكثر حساسية تجاه المواد المهيجة، كما يجعل يعاني المصاب من ضيق التنفس وصعوبته، وذلك ما أثبتته الدراسات المختصة بالأمراض الصدرية.

ما يثير ويجلب الربو، هو مسببات الحساسية، مثل الهواء والبارد، والفايروسات، كذلك الدخان والتبغ والغبار، أيضا حبوب اللقاح والعفن لها دور كبير في الإصابة بالربو.

معاناة المصاب بالربو

يعاني بعض الأشخاص من السعال والصفير أثناء ممارسة الرياضة فقط، والذي يطلق عليه الربو الناجم عن ممارسة الرياضة، وقد تستمر نوبة الربو بضع دقائق، ويمكن أن تحدث هجمات الربو في أي مكان وأي وقت، لذا يجب على المصاب اصطحاب علاج الربو لتجنب حدوث الأزمة في أي وقت.

الجدير بالذكر، أن في حالات الربو تتورم الشعب الهوائية في الرئتين، حتى في حال عدم وجود أي من أعراض الربو، وعند مهاجمة المهيجات للرئة، عن طريق الهواء، تصبح المسالك الهوائية أكثر تورما وتبدأ في إفراز المخاط الزائد، لتبدأ العضلات الصغيرة المتواجدة في جدران المجاري الهوائية بالانقباض، ما يقلل التفاعلات من فتحات المسالك الهوائية، ليجعل التنفس أمرً صعب على المريض، أيضا يسمع صوت للشهيق والزفير أثناء التنفس للمصاب، ذلك من خلال الهواء الذي يسري في مجرى الممرات الهوائية الضيقة، مما يتسبب في سعال نتيجة المخاط الزائد في الشعب الهوائية.

علاج الربو بالطرق الطبيعية

تتعدد الطرق الطبيعية في علاج الربو، منها:

نقص الوزن، حيث أظهرت الدراسات وجود صلة بين زيادة الوزن والإصابة بالربو، حيث ذكر الدكتور باريك “يمكن أن يساهم الوزن الزائد في حدوث الالتهاب وضعف السيطرة على الربو”.

الإقلاع عن التبغ والتدخين، يسبب التدخين إلى ظهور أعراض الربو، وهو أحد أهم مسبباته، حيث توصي منظمات الصحة بالإقلاع عن التدخين وكذلك تجنب الجلوس بجوار المدخنين، نظرا للتأثيرات التي تنتج من تدخين التبغ، أو استنشاقه.

الأكل الصحي، يؤثر أيضا الأكل الصحي على شدة أعراض الربو، حيث أظهرت الأبحاث أن النظام الغذائي الغربي المليء بالحبوب المكررة واللحوم الحمراء، كذلك الحلويات التي تعمل على زيادة الالتهاب مما يؤدي إلى تفاقم مشكلة الربو وعلاجه.

أيضا في حين النظام الغذائي السلبي، والذي يؤدي إلى صعوبة مشاكل الربو، فإن اتباع نظام غذائي صحي يؤدي إلى تحسين حالة المصاب، وتخفيف الأعراض، ويعد الفواكه والخضراوات الغنية بمضادات الأكسدة، من أهم العلاجات الطبيعية المخففة لأعراض الربو، أيضا يجب الابتعاد عن الأسماك الدهنية باللحوم الحمراء، وتقليل تناول الدهون المشبعة بالإضافة إلى زيادة أحماض الأوميغا3 الدهنية المفيدة.

أيضا بالإضافة إلى ذلك، فإن المصابين بالربو يكون لديهم مستويات أقل من فيتامين د، وهو عنصر غذائي مهم في مكافحة الالتهاب، ويمكن أن تزيد من فيتامين د، عن طريق تناول الأطعمة الغنية به مثل، الحليب والعصائر الطبيعية المدعومة، أيضا صفار البيض والجبن والفطر، كذلك الأسماك الزيتية مثل السلمون والتونة والسردين.

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