تكاثر غير طبيعي لجراد البحر بسبب طفرة جينية لا تبشر بالخير

14 يونيو، 2022
7 دقيقة واحدة
تكاثر غير طبيعي لجراد البحر بسبب طفرة جينية لا تبشر بالخير
تكاثر غير طبيعي لجراد البحر بسبب طفرة جينية لا تبشر بالخير

في فيلم الرعب الصادم لجوردان بيل Ace”” لعام 2019 ، ظهر جيش من أشباه البشر ليحلوا محل السكان الحاليين.

تم الكشف لاحقًا عن أن النسخ الجينية لـ “أشباه البشر” تم إنشاؤها بواسطة برنامج حكومي مهجور.

لا يزال الاستنساخ البشري هو النظام السائد اليوم ، لكن استنساخ العديد من الحيوانات من خلال التكاثر اللاجنسي المعروف باسم التوالد العذري يمكن أن يؤدي إلى انتشار واسع النطاق ، وذلك وفقًا لموقع Yahoo News.

فالان اصبح ، ” جراد البحر الرخامي ” أو يدعى ” الاستاكوزا ” يستوطن في المياه العذبة في العديد من النظم البيئية عبر آسيا وأوروبا وأفريقيا ، وكلها تنتمي إلى فرد متطابق وراثيًا ولد أقل من ثلاثة عقود. ، لكن هذا التكاثر ليس نتيجة الحكومة ، نتيجة الطبيعة فربما تكون طفرة جينية “سيئة” غير مسبوقة.

كيف بالضبط غير معروف ، لكن ما يقدر بنحو 23000 يعيشون في بحيرة صغيرة في ألمانيا تقل مساحتها عن عُشر ميل مربع ، لذلك من الطبيعي أن يكون هناك الكثير.

جراد البحر الرخامي هو السلطعون العشاري الأرجل الوحيد المعروف الذي يتكاثر عن طريق التوالد العذري ، وجميع الأفراد من الإناث والنسل متطابق وراثيًا مع الأب.

تجعل الطبيعة الغازية وانتشارها السريع في معظم أنحاء الكوكب هدفًا مثيرًا للاهتمام للبحث العلمي ، خاصةً لأنها تهدد التوازن البيئي وتهدد مصير الحياة في البحر.

ونشرت مجموعة من الباحثين تحليلاً لجينوم الكائن الحي في مجلة Nature Evolution of Ecology في محاولة لتحديد أصله ووجدوا أنه أغرب مما كانوا يعتقدون.

وجدوا أن هذا الكائن الصغير يحتوي على 3.5 مليون زوج أساسي ، أي أكثر من الجينوم البشري ، والذي يتكون من حوالي 21000 جين.

الشيء الفريد هو أنه بدلاً من نسختين متوقعتين من الكروموسومات ، يحتوي السلطعون الرخامي على ثلاث نسخ.

على الرغم من عدم وجودها في الولايات المتحدة بعد ، إلا أن بعض المناطق كانت حذرة وأعلنت حظر الكائن الحي ، حتى في علم الأحياء المائية.

في بعض الأماكن ، يتم غمر جذوع الأشجار بالمياه حتى لا تتمكن السرطانات من عبورها ، بينما تفعل البرمائيات ذلك.

ومع ذلك ، لا يمكن لهذه الاستراتيجية أن تمنع الكائن الحي من إيجاد طريقه للانتشار ، حيث يمكن للسرطان أن يضع 700 بيضة ، جميع النسخ ، ويمكنه البقاء على قيد الحياة في الظروف الجافة عن طريق الحفر في الأرض والمضي قدمًا، مما يجعلها من الأنواع المتوطنة.

14 يونيو، 2022
7 دقيقة واحدة

‫364 تعليقات

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